I have gotten two messages demonstrating a state of confusion about the fundamental difference between circuits in figures 1a and 1b. The question expressed concern that they had no clue about what I am getting at with this problem. They also said the hint is not clear. So, two things I want to say: Thing 1: yes, there is something VERY VERY major fundamentally different about these two circuits. And, I would like you to be able to see it for yourself. Thing 2: Perhaps I need to expand the hint a little. The hint says: What happens when the voltage at input A goes from 0 to 1 in both circuits? When we say "what happens?" we usually mean (not always, but a good first place to look) "what happens at the output?," in this case D. Suppose A=0, B=1, C=0. What is D in the two circuits? If A goes from 0 to 1, what happens to the output in each of the two circuits? Why? Does that help you see the "fundamental difference" between the circuits in 1a and 1b. Yale Patt