The potential impact of wind turbines on television transmission was investigated as early as the late 1970s by Sengupta and Senior [US1, US2]. Similar studies have also been carried out in Europe [EU1, EU2]. More recently, VHF radio operation was tested during the construction phase of the Horns Rev offshore wind farm in Denmark [EU3]. No observable effects were reported. Detailed studies were carried out on communication and navigation equipment in the North Hoyle farm in the UK [EU4, EU5]. The effect of wind farms on radio communication and digital television in the UHF band was addressed by simulation and measurement in [EU6, EU7]. Similar studies have also been reported in Canada [CA1] and New Zealand [NZ1]. To date, the effects due to wind farms on radio and television communication systems have not been found to be very significant in comparison to those observed in radar systems.
US.1
"Electromagnetic Interference to Television Reception Caused by Horizontal Axis
Windmills"
D. L. Sengupta and T. B. A. Senior
Proc. IEEE, vol. 67, pp. 1133-1142, Aug. 1979.
US.2
"Electromagnetic Interference from Wind Turbines"
D. L. Sengupta and T. B. A. Senior
in Wind Turbine Technology, D. A. Spera, New York: ASME Press, 1994, pp. 447-486.
EU.1
"Co-Sitting Criteria for Wind Turbine Generators and Transmitter Antennas"
C. Salema and C. Fernandes
Proc. Conftelle 1999 - II Conf. de Telecomunicacoes, Sesimbra, Portugal, pp. 466-470, 1999.
EU.2
"TV Interference from Wind Turbines"
C. Salema, C. Fernandes, and L. Fauro
Proc. 3rd Conference on Telecommunications, Figueira da Foz, Portugal, pp. 47-51, 2001.
EU.3
"Report on Horns-Rev VHF Radio and Marine Radar"
Elsam Engineering, DK report to Cap Wind Associates, Doc. No. 186829
Mar. 2004
EU.4
"Results of the Electromagnetic Investigations and Assessments of Marine Radar, Communications and Positioning Systems Undertaken at the North Hoyle Wind Farm"
QinetiQ and the Maritime and Coastguard Agency
Martin Howard and Colin Brown
QINETIQ/03/00297/1.1
MCA Report MNA 53/10/366
15 November 2004
EU.5
"Offshore Wind Farm Helicopter Search and Rescue Trials Undertaken at the North Hoyle Wind Farm"
Colin Brown
MCA Report MSA 10/6/239
May 2005
EU.6
"Software Tool for the Analysis of Potential Impact of Wind Farms on
Radiocommunication Services"
D. Vega, C. Frenandez, O. Grande, I Angulo, D. Guerra, Y. Wu, P. Angueira, and J. L. Ordiales
Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting,
Erlangen, Germany 2011, pp. 1-5.
EU.7
"Empirical Evaluation of the Impact of Wind Turbines on DVB-T Reception Quality"
I. Angulo, D. de la Vega, O. Grande, N. Cau, U. Gil, Y. Wu, D. Guerra, and P. Angueira
IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, vol. 58, no.1, pp.1-9, Mar. 2012
CA.1
"Technical Information and Guidelines on the Assessment of the Potential Impact of Wind
Turbines on Radiocommunication, Radar and Seismoacoustic Systems"
Radio Advisory Board of Canada and Canadian Wind Energy Association
April 2007
NZ.1
"Great Valley Wind Farm Compatibility with Radio Services"
Jason Hill
Kordia technical report for Meridian Energy Limited
Dec. 2009